Deer Facts for Kids (Antlers, Habits, and Forest Life)

Renée DeVincent • August 21, 2024

Mammals

A baby deer is laying in the grass and looking at the camera.

Antlers, habits, and forest life are the story of a deer. Encountering a deer in your yard or out in nature can be an enchanting experience and a special moment to share with your kids. Deer are graceful and gentle creatures, and a wonderful reminder of the natural world's beauty. By understanding more about them, their habits, and needs, you can help foster, in your kids, an appreciation for nature. Follow along and learn more deer facts for kids.


Short Facts About Deer

  • Deer antlers are one of the fastest-growing tissues in the animal kingdom.
  • Despite their land-based lifestyle, deer are excellent swimmers.
  • Like cows, deer have a four-chambered stomach that allows them to digest tough plant material.
  • Deer can sprint up to 30 miles per hour.
  • Deer have dichromatic (two-color) vision, only seeing blues and greens, while humans have trichromatic vision.

5 of the Most Common Deer in North America

A deer is standing in the woods and looking at the camera.

Deer are part of the Cervidae family. They are known for having two large and two small hooves on each foot and also for having antlers. They have slender bodies and long legs, and their keen senses and agility make them masters of their environment. There are approximately 47 species of deer worldwide with only seven in North America.


Deer are incredibly adaptable and can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, meadows, grasslands, and even urban areas. They are highly versatile and can make themselves at home wherever there is sufficient food, cover, and water. In suburban and rural areas, it's not uncommon to see deer venturing into yards and gardens.

photo by Hugh - stock.adobe.com

A deer is walking through a grassy field.

BLACK TAILED DEER

Black-tailed deer are calm animals, making them fun to watch. They play an important role in nature. Their eating habits help shape plants and keep the environment healthy. They are also a key food source for many predators, helping to maintain a healthy balance.


Blacktail deer are part of the mule deer family and can be identified by their black tail. They live in the coastal forests and mountainous regions of the Pacific Northwest, including California, Oregon, Washington, and parts of British Columbia and Alaska.

photo by stock.pexels.com

A deer with antlers is walking through a grassy field

WAPITI DEER

The wapiti, also known as the American elk, is a large deer found in the Western United States, especially in the Rocky Mountains and parts of the Midwest and Northeast. Some scientists think the wapiti is related to the red deer in Europe and Asia.


The wapiti is the second largest deer, only smaller than the moose.  Wapiti like to live in open forests and mountain meadows. They have brown fur with a yellow-white patch on their rump. Their shoulders and neck have long, dark brown hair. Male wapiti have large antlers that they shed and grow back every.

photo by stock.pexels.com

A moose with antlers is laying down in the grass

MOOSE

Moose are the largest deer, standing six feet tall and weighing over 1,000 pounds. They have hollow hairs that provide insulation. Moose live in the northern U.S., Canada, and Alaska, thriving in cold climates and forested areas with water.


Male moose, called bulls, grow antlers in spring for the autumn mating season. They drop their antlers after mating and regrow them each spring. Heat stress from warmer summers causes health issues, and ticks, thriving due to shorter winters, further weaken moose. This has led to a significant decline in the moose population, especially in New Hampshire.

photo by stock.pexels.com

A close up of a deer standing in the grass looking at the camera.

MULE DEER

Mule deer are known for their large ears, about three-fourths the length of their head, and their black forehead contrasting with a light gray face. They change color with the seasons, being tannish-brown in summer and brownish-gray in winter. They have a white rump patch and a small white tail with a black tip. When they run, they bound in a motion called "stotting," where all four hooves push off the ground at the same time.

photo by stock.pexels.com

A couple of deer standing next to each other in the grass.

WHITE TAIL DEER

Whitetail deer are native to North America, ranging from southern Canada to as far south as Central America. They inhabit a wide variety of environments, including hardwood forests, mixed woodlands, grasslands, and even suburban areas. Their adaptability allows them to thrive in diverse habitats, from the dense forests of the eastern United States to the open landscapes of the Midwest and the mountainous regions of the West.


Whitetails have two seasonal coats: in spring and summer, their coat is reddish-tan, short, and wiry, while in winter, it becomes grayish or bluish-tan with long guard hairs and a thick undercoat for insulation. They also feature white patches around the eyes, throat, belly, tail underside, and the insides of their legs. The whitetail, which they raise when alarmed, is a key identifying feature.

Deer Babies are Called Fawns

A baby deer is eating grass in a field.

Deer give birth to their young, called fawns, in the late spring and early summer. Fawns are born with white spots on their reddish-brown coats, which provide camouflage in dappled sunlight. These spots usually fade by the time they are 3-4 months old. Fawns are typically hidden in tall grass or underbrush while their mothers forage nearby, returning periodically to nurse them. By the time they are a few weeks old, fawns start to follow their mothers and learn how to find food and avoid predators.

What do Deer Eat?

Two deer are grazing in the grass in front of a house

Deer are herbivores, meaning they mostly eat plants. Their diet includes leaves, twigs, fruits, nuts, grass, and even garden plants. They have a particular fondness for tender shoots and buds, which can sometimes lead to conflicts with gardeners. During the winter months, when food is scarce, deer will often eat the bark of trees and shrubs to survive.

Deer in Your Backyard

A mother deer and her baby deer are standing in a grassy field.

A Deer Friendly Space

Having deer in your backyard can be a delightful experience, giving you a chance to see them up close.


Here are some tips to make your backyard deer-friendly and safe:


  • Avoid Feeding Deer: While it might be tempting to feed deer, it's best to let them forage naturally. Feeding can make them dependent on humans and disrupt their natural behaviors.
  • Protect Your Garden: If you have a garden, consider using deer-resistant plants or installing fencing to keep deer away from your prized flowers and vegetables. Deer repellents can also be effective. Also, a well-placed log or brush pile can encourage deer to look for a more accessible spot.
  • Welcome Deer to the Table: Planting tasty deer favorite plants away from your garden or at the edges encourages deer to eat those instead of the plants you are growing for yourself. Add species that thrive on natural pruning to path edges.
  • Drive Carefully: Deer are most active during dawn and dusk. If you live in an area with a high deer population, be extra cautious when driving during these times to avoid accidents.
  • Enjoy from a Distance: Use binoculars or a camera to observe deer without getting too close. This helps to keep both you and the deer safe.


Who are Their Neighbors?

Deer share their habitats with other land-dwelling animals, such as rabbits, which often live in fields and forest edges, and badgers, which dig burrows underground. You may also find weasels nearby, moving quickly through grasses and brush, creating a diverse and active environment.

Deer-Themed Activities (Ages 3+)

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12 Deer Printable Activities

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Dancing Deer Stickers

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How to draw a deer in 10 steps

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